3.14 \(\int \frac{x^2}{a x^2+b x^3+c x^4} \, dx\)

Optimal. Leaf size=34 \[ -\frac{2 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{b+2 c x}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}\right )}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}} \]

[Out]

(-2*ArcTanh[(b + 2*c*x)/Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]])/Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]

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Rubi [A]  time = 0.0403207, antiderivative size = 34, normalized size of antiderivative = 1., number of steps used = 3, number of rules used = 3, integrand size = 22, \(\frac{\text{number of rules}}{\text{integrand size}}\) = 0.136 \[ -\frac{2 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{b+2 c x}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}}\right )}{\sqrt{b^2-4 a c}} \]

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]  Int[x^2/(a*x^2 + b*x^3 + c*x^4),x]

[Out]

(-2*ArcTanh[(b + 2*c*x)/Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]])/Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]

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Rubi in Sympy [A]  time = 6.86556, size = 34, normalized size = 1. \[ - \frac{2 \operatorname{atanh}{\left (\frac{b + 2 c x}{\sqrt{- 4 a c + b^{2}}} \right )}}{\sqrt{- 4 a c + b^{2}}} \]

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]  rubi_integrate(x**2/(c*x**4+b*x**3+a*x**2),x)

[Out]

-2*atanh((b + 2*c*x)/sqrt(-4*a*c + b**2))/sqrt(-4*a*c + b**2)

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Mathematica [A]  time = 0.0108157, size = 38, normalized size = 1.12 \[ \frac{2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{b+2 c x}{\sqrt{4 a c-b^2}}\right )}{\sqrt{4 a c-b^2}} \]

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]  Integrate[x^2/(a*x^2 + b*x^3 + c*x^4),x]

[Out]

(2*ArcTan[(b + 2*c*x)/Sqrt[-b^2 + 4*a*c]])/Sqrt[-b^2 + 4*a*c]

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Maple [A]  time = 0.002, size = 35, normalized size = 1. \[ 2\,{\frac{1}{\sqrt{4\,ac-{b}^{2}}}\arctan \left ({\frac{2\,cx+b}{\sqrt{4\,ac-{b}^{2}}}} \right ) } \]

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]  int(x^2/(c*x^4+b*x^3+a*x^2),x)

[Out]

2/(4*a*c-b^2)^(1/2)*arctan((2*c*x+b)/(4*a*c-b^2)^(1/2))

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Maxima [F]  time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \[ \text{Exception raised: ValueError} \]

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]  integrate(x^2/(c*x^4 + b*x^3 + a*x^2),x, algorithm="maxima")

[Out]

Exception raised: ValueError

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Fricas [A]  time = 0.277778, size = 1, normalized size = 0.03 \[ \left [\frac{\log \left (-\frac{b^{3} - 4 \, a b c + 2 \,{\left (b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}\right )} x -{\left (2 \, c^{2} x^{2} + 2 \, b c x + b^{2} - 2 \, a c\right )} \sqrt{b^{2} - 4 \, a c}}{c x^{2} + b x + a}\right )}{\sqrt{b^{2} - 4 \, a c}}, \frac{2 \, \arctan \left (-\frac{\sqrt{-b^{2} + 4 \, a c}{\left (2 \, c x + b\right )}}{b^{2} - 4 \, a c}\right )}{\sqrt{-b^{2} + 4 \, a c}}\right ] \]

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]  integrate(x^2/(c*x^4 + b*x^3 + a*x^2),x, algorithm="fricas")

[Out]

[log(-(b^3 - 4*a*b*c + 2*(b^2*c - 4*a*c^2)*x - (2*c^2*x^2 + 2*b*c*x + b^2 - 2*a*
c)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c))/(c*x^2 + b*x + a))/sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c), 2*arctan(-sqrt(-b^2
+ 4*a*c)*(2*c*x + b)/(b^2 - 4*a*c))/sqrt(-b^2 + 4*a*c)]

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Sympy [A]  time = 0.531573, size = 124, normalized size = 3.65 \[ - \sqrt{- \frac{1}{4 a c - b^{2}}} \log{\left (x + \frac{- 4 a c \sqrt{- \frac{1}{4 a c - b^{2}}} + b^{2} \sqrt{- \frac{1}{4 a c - b^{2}}} + b}{2 c} \right )} + \sqrt{- \frac{1}{4 a c - b^{2}}} \log{\left (x + \frac{4 a c \sqrt{- \frac{1}{4 a c - b^{2}}} - b^{2} \sqrt{- \frac{1}{4 a c - b^{2}}} + b}{2 c} \right )} \]

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]  integrate(x**2/(c*x**4+b*x**3+a*x**2),x)

[Out]

-sqrt(-1/(4*a*c - b**2))*log(x + (-4*a*c*sqrt(-1/(4*a*c - b**2)) + b**2*sqrt(-1/
(4*a*c - b**2)) + b)/(2*c)) + sqrt(-1/(4*a*c - b**2))*log(x + (4*a*c*sqrt(-1/(4*
a*c - b**2)) - b**2*sqrt(-1/(4*a*c - b**2)) + b)/(2*c))

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GIAC/XCAS [A]  time = 0.263683, size = 46, normalized size = 1.35 \[ \frac{2 \, \arctan \left (\frac{2 \, c x + b}{\sqrt{-b^{2} + 4 \, a c}}\right )}{\sqrt{-b^{2} + 4 \, a c}} \]

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]  integrate(x^2/(c*x^4 + b*x^3 + a*x^2),x, algorithm="giac")

[Out]

2*arctan((2*c*x + b)/sqrt(-b^2 + 4*a*c))/sqrt(-b^2 + 4*a*c)